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| 1 | <?php |
| 2 | /** |
| 3 | * Jingga |
| 4 | * |
| 5 | * PHP Version 8.1 |
| 6 | * |
| 7 | * @package phpOMS\Math\Stochastic\Distribution |
| 8 | * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn |
| 9 | * @license OMS License 2.0 |
| 10 | * @version 1.0.0 |
| 11 | * @link https://jingga.app |
| 12 | */ |
| 13 | declare(strict_types=1); |
| 14 | |
| 15 | namespace phpOMS\Math\Stochastic\Distribution; |
| 16 | |
| 17 | use phpOMS\Math\Functions\Functions; |
| 18 | |
| 19 | /** |
| 20 | * Normal distribution. |
| 21 | * |
| 22 | * @package phpOMS\Math\Stochastic\Distribution |
| 23 | * @license OMS License 2.0 |
| 24 | * @link https://jingga.app |
| 25 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 26 | */ |
| 27 | final class NormalDistribution |
| 28 | { |
| 29 | /** |
| 30 | * Normal table. |
| 31 | * |
| 32 | * Z-Score. |
| 33 | * |
| 34 | * @var array<string, float> |
| 35 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 36 | */ |
| 37 | public const TABLE = [ |
| 38 | '0.50' => 0.67, '0.55' => 0.76, '0.60' => 0.84, '0.65' => 0.93, '0.70' => 1.04, '0.75' => 1.15, '0.80' => 1.28, |
| 39 | '0.85' => 1.44, '0.90' => 1.64, '0.95' => 1.96, '0.96' => 2.05, '0.97' => 2.17, '0.98' => 2.33, '0.99' => 2.58, |
| 40 | ]; |
| 41 | |
| 42 | /** |
| 43 | * Calculate the sample size |
| 44 | * |
| 45 | * @param float $zScore Z-Score |
| 46 | * @param float $errorMargin Error margin |
| 47 | * @param int $populationSize Population size |
| 48 | * @param float $populationProportion Proportion of the population (percentage) |
| 49 | * |
| 50 | * @return float |
| 51 | * |
| 52 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 53 | */ |
| 54 | public static function getSampleSizeFromPopulation(float $zScore, float $errorMargin, int $populationSize, float $populationProportion) : float |
| 55 | { |
| 56 | return self::getSampleSizeFromInfinitePopulation($zScore, $errorMargin, $populationProportion) / (1 + $zScore ** 2 * $populationProportion * (1 - $populationProportion) / ($errorMargin ** 2 * $populationSize)); |
| 57 | } |
| 58 | |
| 59 | /** |
| 60 | * Calculate the sample size |
| 61 | * |
| 62 | * @param float $zScore Z-Score |
| 63 | * @param float $errorMargin Error margin |
| 64 | * @param float $populationProportion Proportion of the population (percentage) |
| 65 | * |
| 66 | * @return float |
| 67 | * |
| 68 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 69 | */ |
| 70 | public static function getSampleSizeFromInfinitePopulation(float $zScore, float $errorMargin, float $populationProportion) : float |
| 71 | { |
| 72 | return ($zScore ** 2) * $populationProportion * (1 - $populationProportion) / ($errorMargin ** 2); |
| 73 | } |
| 74 | |
| 75 | /** |
| 76 | * Get probability density function. |
| 77 | * |
| 78 | * @param float $x Value x |
| 79 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 80 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 81 | * |
| 82 | * @return float |
| 83 | * |
| 84 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 85 | */ |
| 86 | public static function getPdf(float $x, float $mu, float $sig) : float |
| 87 | { |
| 88 | return 1 / ($sig * \sqrt(2 * \M_PI)) * \exp(-($x - $mu) ** 2 / (2 * $sig ** 2)); |
| 89 | } |
| 90 | |
| 91 | /** |
| 92 | * Get cumulative distribution function. |
| 93 | * |
| 94 | * @param float $x Value x |
| 95 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 96 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 97 | * |
| 98 | * @return float |
| 99 | * |
| 100 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 101 | */ |
| 102 | public static function getCdf(float $x, float $mu, float $sig) : float |
| 103 | { |
| 104 | return 0.5 * (1 + Functions::getErf(($x - $mu) / ($sig * \sqrt(2)))); |
| 105 | } |
| 106 | |
| 107 | /** |
| 108 | * Inverse cumulative distribution function / AKA Quantile function / PPF |
| 109 | * |
| 110 | * @param float $x Value x |
| 111 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 112 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 113 | * |
| 114 | * @return float |
| 115 | * |
| 116 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 117 | */ |
| 118 | public static function getICdf(float $x, float $mu, float $sig) : float |
| 119 | { |
| 120 | return $mu - $sig * \sqrt(2) * Functions::getInvErfc(2 * $x); |
| 121 | } |
| 122 | |
| 123 | /** |
| 124 | * Get mode. |
| 125 | * |
| 126 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 127 | * |
| 128 | * @return float |
| 129 | * |
| 130 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 131 | */ |
| 132 | public static function getMode(float $mu) : float |
| 133 | { |
| 134 | return $mu; |
| 135 | } |
| 136 | |
| 137 | /** |
| 138 | * Get expected value. |
| 139 | * |
| 140 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 141 | * |
| 142 | * @return float |
| 143 | * |
| 144 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 145 | */ |
| 146 | public static function getMean(float $mu) : float |
| 147 | { |
| 148 | return $mu; |
| 149 | } |
| 150 | |
| 151 | /** |
| 152 | * Get median. |
| 153 | * |
| 154 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 155 | * |
| 156 | * @return float |
| 157 | * |
| 158 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 159 | */ |
| 160 | public static function getMedian(float $mu) : float |
| 161 | { |
| 162 | return $mu; |
| 163 | } |
| 164 | |
| 165 | /** |
| 166 | * Get variance. |
| 167 | * |
| 168 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 169 | * |
| 170 | * @return float |
| 171 | * |
| 172 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 173 | */ |
| 174 | public static function getVariance(float $sig) : float |
| 175 | { |
| 176 | return $sig ** 2; |
| 177 | } |
| 178 | |
| 179 | /** |
| 180 | * Get standard deviation. |
| 181 | * |
| 182 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 183 | * |
| 184 | * @return float |
| 185 | * |
| 186 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 187 | */ |
| 188 | public static function getStandardDeviation(float $sig) : float |
| 189 | { |
| 190 | return $sig; |
| 191 | } |
| 192 | |
| 193 | /** |
| 194 | * Get moment generating function. |
| 195 | * |
| 196 | * @param float $t Value t |
| 197 | * @param float $mu Mean |
| 198 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 199 | * |
| 200 | * @return float |
| 201 | * |
| 202 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 203 | */ |
| 204 | public static function getMgf(float $t, float $mu, float $sig) : float |
| 205 | { |
| 206 | return \exp($mu * $t + ($sig ** 2 * $t ** 2) / 2); |
| 207 | } |
| 208 | |
| 209 | /** |
| 210 | * Get skewness. |
| 211 | * |
| 212 | * @return float |
| 213 | * |
| 214 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 215 | */ |
| 216 | public static function getSkewness() : float |
| 217 | { |
| 218 | return 0; |
| 219 | } |
| 220 | |
| 221 | /** |
| 222 | * Get Fisher information. |
| 223 | * |
| 224 | * @param float $sig Sigma |
| 225 | * |
| 226 | * @return array |
| 227 | * |
| 228 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 229 | */ |
| 230 | public static function getFisherInformation(float $sig) : array |
| 231 | { |
| 232 | return [ |
| 233 | [1 / $sig ** 2, 0], |
| 234 | [0, 1 / (2 * $sig ** 4)], |
| 235 | ]; |
| 236 | } |
| 237 | |
| 238 | /** |
| 239 | * Get Ex. kurtosis. |
| 240 | * |
| 241 | * @return float |
| 242 | * |
| 243 | * @since 1.0.0 |
| 244 | */ |
| 245 | public static function getExKurtosis() : float |
| 246 | { |
| 247 | return 0; |
| 248 | } |
| 249 | } |